سكس ساخن

Oil is oil from non-renewable energy; where over hundreds of years through the decomposition of the bodies of living organisms in salt water, and exposure to Datt and temperature extreme, and gather decomposing material in one of the constituent of the crust layers of rock, but how human Astkhrjh of these layers to reach us the form in which we can use? That's what Snodha through the article. Methods of oil extraction in the beginning is to determine the presence of oil sites in the layers of the earth, by reading the waves produced by these rock layers; thereby acting geologists and earth scientists to cause explosions in the vicinity of the place of the expected presence of oil in it, and then be studied seismic waves to learn the whereabouts of oil exactly, as we know that the waves vary their speed when moving from one medium to another, and therefore the scientists recognize the presence of oil in a given layer through the transmission waves from the center of the core, a rock into a liquid medium which is oil, also can use other devices to know the whereabouts of oil such as gravity measurement devices, magnetic measurement. Oil extraction process begins by drilling wells in the underground reservoir that contains oil (oil resides in one of the sedimentary rock layers, between Msamadtha, called the oil rally reservoir of oil or oil tank) places, and are drilled more wells to make sure the extraction of economic quantities of oil , is then placed steel layer in the form of a tube into the wells to distinguish Alabaralta been excavated recently Alabaralkadimh, then drilling holes in the bottom of the well to allow oil to seep into the well, and even the oil flowing stimulates several ways, including: water situation naturally instead of oil, or spray a layer of natural gas at the top of the well, in addition to the pressure of the earth from below him, and placed on the wellhead valves to control the quantities flowing, in the case of the flow of oil alone, without the means to help the so-called natural flow. After a certain amount of land pressure could fall on oil, making it unable to rise in the well, which leads to the use of alternative methods that help drive oil higher: such as gas leaks from nearby wells to the oil well even increases the pressure in the well and helps to flow, or you can use the water through a syringe at the bottom of the well (reservoir oil) to increase the pressure for higher than oil pushing through the well, also can use special mechanisms are siphoning off oil to the top, there are chemical way that you change the physical properties of the rocks that contain oil, making it more permeable and after the oil is extracted and converted to repeat the various forms used in various fields of life.

Occupies the Arab world center stage among the rest of the world in terms of the features enjoyed by the oil in it, so we find that the percentage of the Arab world oil located where consumption does not exceed 13%, to issue the rest of the production to the rest of the world the European him especially, many are Arab oil features, cited Here are the most important dominated the Arab world on the total 56.7% of the world's oil reserves, is due to a thickening in the geological ground oil-bearing strata, the reserve ratio increases with thickness of the layers, the quality of the Arab oil characterized by their high quality so that is characterized by high density and excellent quality, and this what makes it fit for a lot of different and multiple industries, making this more than making it in the top ranking and a favorite when importing countries, characterized by the Arab oil wells richness, Few are dry oil wells in the Arab world, relative to the dry wells in the rest of the world, so this does not increase wells for 5% of the total wells. Arab oil is located in the geographical territory mediates three continents (Asia, Europe, Africa), and this would contribute to reducing the proportion of the Arab oil transportation and distribution to the rest of the world costs, when compared to the oil transportation with other countries costs, and also near the Arab oil sea ​​ports, contributes greatly to facilitate the transfer process, and at a lower cost than others, the presence of Arab oil close to the surface makes the drill a few wells, expenses, since the average depth of the Arab oil wells ranging from 7,000 to 14,000 feet only, whereas in the rest of countries of the world reaches a depth of oil wells has to 30000 feet. Self-pumping Arab oil wells feature contributes to also contribute to the cheap production costs, as 90% of which are pumping the oil automatically self, whereas most of the oil wells in the world, especially in America, is pumping through the gas or water injection, which increases its cost of production , also contribute to working in the oil industry in the Arab countries hand permits to reduce the costs, when compared to the rest of the Western nations were so wages have six times more workers in Arab countries wage

Oil is the primary engine of development and the economy, including covered from industry, trade and services, and the homes and means of transport, and so rely on it, everything has oil and Bmstqath link, it has shaped his discovery revolution and wealth, it was a revolution because it is a leap actual leap for life, life marked a life after oil make up for the form of life before oil, it has the form of wealth because the poor countries which oil was discovered which became her weight and became possessed vast fortunes, and became its weight on the world stage after it was nothing, and after that she does not remember, all this achieved and more able oil achieved, in addition to that and if we are to look for the oil issue from another angle, we see that oil has brought the horrors and calamities in the world, where conflicts between states and the dominance of countries on oil resources increased by a large margin because oil is the first source of energy globally, and that pollution environmental has increased exponentially after the discovery of oil, because of the harmful gases and vapors that result from the combustion of oil, and from here we can observe very simply that the disadvantages of oil is also not insignificant when scrutiny. In the fourth century AD, specifically in China, said that China's population had dug the first well for oil, as was the use of bitumen in the eighth century AD in Baghdad to pave roads, tar is a substance resulting from the oil left in the refining tower bottom, and said to him tar too, the nineteenth century saw the first economic use of oil where it was then extracted from the oil fields, and this was going on specifically in Azerbaijan, has described the Italian explorer originally oil and travelers, and said of him that he comes out of the wells as cargo ship. From these stories we discover that the oil was known to the ancients, but not as it is now known, not as used now. The newly oil distillation process was discovered in the mid-nineteenth century, specifically in the 1853 year, which was extracted kerosene from him, as was the establishment of the first oil mine in Poland, and the following year a 1854 year saw construction of the first distillation of oil station, then later was establishment of the first oil distillation plant in Russia in the year 1861. But the United States has been the discovery of oil for the first time in 1859, and it was the growth of the use of oil in America so slow spread of the twentieth century.

Oil is considered one of the most important natural resources, which form an integral part of the daily life of the individual, and the various forms that exist in life, and is considered the oil great wealth because it enters into most everyday business and is also a non-renewable resource, and threatened access in one day, so do not we must maintain the oil in its various forms and not to drain the wealth that serves as the black gold, as well as the economic value conferred by the oil states where there are back where the physical return which is unprecedented. It features which characterized oil is the presence in the various fields of life, where oil exists in the various fields of industry, whether he was in raw materials for the manufacture or the fuel used in the operation of machinery manufacturing, oil also enters in the areas of daily life such as the materials used in homes that are in the original made from oil, and also in the field of transportation, where oil derivatives show strongly in this area. As for the oil refinery it is one of the means used to benefit from crude oil and convert it to various industrial forms and known oil refining as the separation material that consists of which crude oil and we call on the plant in which the separation of materials refinery name takes place, as it is for the use of crude oil process , we are separating the different materials, which is made up of them, where the process begins by heating the crude oil to a very high temperature - 400 degrees Celsius - Om then produces a mixture of gases. Then this mixture is transferred to a refining tower, where the tower contains several "floors" in the refining tower, and the higher you go up the floors, the temperature becomes low more. And with the passage of time the gases begin to move to the top, towards the low temperatures, and then what is known as the process of condensation occurs. And all material boiling condense under its own degrees, and so we get on each other for a separate article. Among the most important parts in which they are used during oil refining is what is known as the oil refinery and is defined as the facility is to receive crude oil and sorting materials to a large number of oil products and consumer consists of many sections include: electrical wiring and precision instruments Heat exchangers. Valves and Msatarat automatic and manual. Electric or steam pumps. Containers and tanks for the separation and storage. Chapter towers. .mvaalat Chemical. Note the great importance which already features its oil because of the products that can be obtained when doing Btkirrh they are involved in every detail of our lives which is almost inexhaustible wealth may one day have to be preserved and used in the right way.

Oil is the oil out of the ground consists of materials that can be burned for it is a great source of fuel and Mhzh ingredients are often in the form of a mixture of ingredients Aloadrockerbonih It is also useful in plastic materials, rubber, plastics and fibers at the refinery by this material. Oil refining is done by extracting compounds that we want to use it and turn it different for our products of fuel and other terms not Imkkna use crude oil extracted from the ground directly, and refining is done by cracking crude oil from the oil to the original components of Alkrbot molecules and hydrogen, is then re ranking within refineries and processing of materials usable, whether gaseous, liquid or solid. And processes that are the refineries are three major operations in the following sequence: 1) physical separation processes: and is done by several methods initially by distillation process, which is the separation of low-molecular boiling by boiling and condensation, by vacuum distillation devices under the pressure of the so-called pressure Almakhlkhal Zbzasith primary atmospheric distillation devices, is produced by these processes liquefied petroleum gas and gasoline or gasoline and produces diesel fuel, kerosene, lubricating oils and asphalt. The second method is a method of extracting materials by solvents and where the separation of materials by a certain boiling temperatures used in distillation, each according to the size of molecules and weight, this is done by using propane and Alforvural and solvent phenol and solvent benzene, toluene and the most important product of this process is the heavy lubricating oil. The third way to install a cooling using gasoline operations and the separation of gases and knowledge of the number of gasoline Zaladd PFOA PFOA fuel and Alcetana number of diesel, and the resulting wet gas and dry gas. 2) chemical conversion processes: and carried out through several ways. First the manufacturing operations of the material by heat and are beginning by thermal cracking using small and large olefins and disarmament of hydrogen to form aromatics and then condensing these aromatics to form coke compound, after Coke compound formation method is used Coking to extract the compound Cook petroleum, and gases are dealt with on the way a process called Balbaroleezz. The second method is to use the Catalytic cracker operations and the third way is to reform fossil raw gasoline with Alozmrah interactions. 3) and purification treatment processes: to be made by removing hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans removal vehicles and purification using hydrogen.

How crude oil refining crude oil refining process is one of the necessary processes by which is processing crude oil, through the cracking of crude oil and divide it into the original components and then re-arrangement and manufacturing have to be the products can be used. Considers the refinery oil on it is a facility which is receiving crude oil is then sort through all of the crude oil supplies to consumables such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, jet fuel and other petroleum products used products, refinery following components comprise: Crude oil separation towers. heat exchangers . In addition to the steam pumps or electric pumps. Chemical reactors. Storage tanks and the separation of petroleum products. The presence of automated and manual valves. A lot of electrical wiring and electronics. Stages of refining crude oil first stage: the stage of the separation of materials: and carried out through separate the raw material by heat, as the materials that have a high boiling point remain at the bottom of the tower / materials which have a boiling point less rise to the top of the tower and then is pulled. Second stage: the stage of conversion: and is done through chemical processes to convert its goal of vehicles produced from towers to desirable products such as plastics and some plastics. Third stage: the processing stage: and carried out through the purification processes of petroleum products from some impurities and things undesirable for preparation to consumption in addition to the extraction of gas in order to benefit them in production, such as hydrogen gas to be utilized in units cracking hydrogen. Petroleum Refinery need big hands of the worker, and the costs of operation and create expensive price. Methods of transporting oil transport oil in two ways: The first way: called the Land Transport way: It consists of pipelines and is the best way to transport oil and add to it is also transport by tankers wild and trucks. The second method: Marine way: It consists of the transportation of oil through the flat by ships and tankers. The oil refining through the expulsion of gases that are oil-exist when extracted from the well, and then get rid of water and salts, mud and sand stuck with oil when it is extracted, then the distillation process primary or air is then distillation process under pressure for heavy oil extraction, then demodulation solvent is then the cooling process by separating the gas and then install gasoline then Aloktani number of gasoline and fuel Aloktani number and then the number Aloktani for diesel and so

About oil Oil is the main source of fuel in this day and age and previous decades and will be followed, it is the prime mover for transportation despite increased research that are interested and looking and studying ways to develop the means of transport are working on the elements of non-oil, but attempts are still not applied, in addition to direct dependence on it for electricity production, electricity is the main source of energy for all areas of life, it is interference in the operation of machinery and plants, and operation of devices in buildings, homes, hospitals, air conditioning and refrigeration, lighting this is apart from the telecom sector upon which all services in the world and of leveling the world will crash and many others of sectors. oil is the lifeblood and backbone of this life in its current form, the source of the underground, which is a depletable source, found in parts of certain regions of the world, as frequently in coastal areas, zones where the concentrated oil are areas mostly disputed between the superpowers , because the state-controlled to ensure the welfare of its people because of not having to buy it for the highest prices and costs, which are divided between transmission and distribution, Faisal to the user at a very high, while poor countries oil at that time, it states are suffering because of the oil costs are higher and, Vfatourh energy accounted for high production costs in any factory or country, and mitigation means lower prices and possibly increase the profit margin and consequently the economy recovers. Uses of oil can not use the oil form, which is extracted it from the ground, it must be converted to other formats for use in multi-purpose, is being extracted gases which Albroobn, butane and ethanol are being used and other derivatives thereof such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, jet fuel, asphalt, coal, for example, gases used in heating while gasoline and diesel fuel used to transport the kerosene is used for heating and jet fuel for planes and asphalt paving of the streets in a heavy substance and are left at the bottom of the distillation tower in which the derivatives separated from each other operation is conducted. The price of oil has no fixed price of petroleum products, it is fluctuating prices on the global level, inspired by a very sensitive, they are affected by any factor or event happening in the world or in the areas where the oil. But in the event of the loss of oil from a particular country, it means total paralysis, so countries seek to strategic storage of oil reserves. On the other side, the oil and its derivatives are harmful elements of the environment are the source of toxic gases, especially when combustion so currently conducting research to replace it with clean energy sources and especially solar energy.

Oil is in the world today is the source of the most common sources of energy, and most need to activate the electricity and energy generators and operation of vehicles and aircraft, and so was the process of getting it is important very important for human beings on the face of this planet, but the oil is not easy to get it, it is in many often under very great depths beneath the surface of the earth; which needs a strong scientific ways to access it and extraction; to enter the refining process to take advantage of it later. Oil is black is a very viscous, composed of organic compounds on the basis of which originated from the decomposition of living organisms millions of years ago by the pressure and temperature extreme, is used in many walks of life, as it is used in the operation of land, sea and air vehicles, and is used in the plastics industry, and is used in the generation of electric power, and it is used in lighting and heating, and is used in all walks of life; making him the new material life in the era, where oil has become at a time in America a basic material, like water, and priced in cheaper than the price of a liter of water in the supermarket station. Oil exists between the rocky containers located deep under the ground, is to disclose such material through surveys, seismic give images of rock layers beneath thousands of kilometers underground, and must be before you start digging to determine the whereabouts of the oil, and to determine the distance that lies beneath oil, taking into account the fact that drilling equipment will vary for the type of soil, the depth at which it is located oil wells, as well as whether the process will face groundwater drilling or not. When you begin the process of drilling the search begins for a strong soil sample can reach the oil wells on the surface of the earth; to start drilling them, so as to be able to this soil of carrying equipment located on them, are identified using soil testing equipment by geologists, Faihddon nature of topsoil, then set point which will begin drilling. The equipment is used, especially in oil drilling, which is used to rig an overlay is installed drilling heads one by one, Valhvar a compressor portion and Saqib and part whirling, Valdhaguet stays off the ground, and piercing passes to the ground, rotational part of it out of the ground and part inside , when the beginning of the drill is lowered first tube drilling, and are digging up the pipe up to a distance of approaching it from submersion entirely in the soil; are decoding the compressor for piercing and bring the tube Saqib new is installed powerful screw with submerged piercing underground and proves tube new piercing compressor ; allowing the completion of the drilling process, and coming in this process so that access to the oil in the ground. Characterized by piercing in his head that contains three opposite excavators head working on drilling in preventing keep any blemish or stuck behind her are the disintegration of the rocks and just dig, and it is important during drilling water Send process before installing any new piercing to allow the piercing afterwards when he starts digging ability process by spinning on its axis that the soil that was excavated and fragmentation in the ground to be able to complete the drilling process easily come out

Petroleum is one of the most important daily needs of the individual, where it enters in most household appliances, transportation, and many others which made oil known as black gold, which is considered states that territory containing oil from large economic returns countries, is due to the oil from non-renewable resources which may dry up in a day, which could lead to major disasters dating back to the individual and society. The distillation of petroleum and is considered one of the processes used in preparation for immediate use, which in concept Home is a process liquid solution is separated depending on the difference in the boiling points, where the substance is to be separated with a boiling point different from those of other materials that are found in the solution, where the distillation process water by evaporating process is a homogeneous mixture of water and natural material is then intensify the process of steam through the cooling process are obtained flavors or perfume. There are many types of distillation used in the oil refining and petrochemical industry, water desalination, the pharmaceutical industry and many others, where b is: simple distillation or gradual. Distillation sudden. Repeated distillation using distillation towers. Steam distillation vacuum distillation distillation of dry absorption (article). The distillation process of the processes that need no other additives or chemical solvents during the course of this material mediated heat by differences in boiling temperatures in liquids to be separated and called these differences chemically teams vapor pressure of the substance at a given temperature, known as molecular distillation as the separation of the components of the process a certain mixture differ in their boiling points, and when heating this mixture to evaporate with a boiling point components least rises on the form of gas to the top, and after we get cooled material that we want pure this process continues for the rest of the material. Another kind of distillation distillation process steam which is used to separate the materials that are affected by heat, such as perfume, and the distillation Alaziotroba is a chemical method through which the separation of mixtures Aziotrobah through a distillation process, and there are also other types of distillation such as distillation vacuum distillation of atmospheric vacuum sensor, distillation industrial and others. But in general, are the distillation of crude oil (which is the separation from water and salt) through the passage in the tubes high temperature up to 400 ° C and then come out in the oven and in the end the oil goes to the distillation tower, and is characterized by the tower that is separated into several parts ; where oil output type varies depending on the temperature use are needed to produce the desired product temperature

Extracting uranium element as raw material from the earth in the form of natural salts, and is converted to a yellow paste called uranium oxide a pre-enrichment stage and instability, and are purified and oxidation processes for material uranium 235, a material task in the nuclear weapons industry, accounting for only 1% This means that 99% of yellow dough called uranium-238 not take advantage of them. The second phase is to convert this material into a gas for a way to add Alhaadroflorett dioxide, and through the cylinder with a very high speed, we separate the two compounds, namely the situation invasive required Roller to have poise by Tam, and assume power cycles, the lightness of rotation, the production speed and super great every minute to separate the elements and it repeated the process this chapter 1400 times almost to acquire uranium 235. To generate electricity, we need to concentrate uranium 235 by 5%, while in the case of a nuclear weapon, we need to 80% as less appreciation and in 1500 we need a central frameworks device works for months to collect 20 kilograms of enriched uranium to make a nuclear warhead. For more details, there are two methods of enrichment: 1.trivh centrifuge: exploiting simple between uranium 235 difference and uranium 238 are exploiting uranium in gaseous his image inside the cylinders to spin at very high up to the top of the speed of sound, Afqatndf heavier atoms which is of course the uranium atoms 238 towards the outside and accumulate on the walls of the cylinders and accumulate uranium 235 atoms around the center of the cylinder and returned this process several times to increase the concentration of uranium 235 more and more. 2. method of enrichment by force: when the pump starts pumping enriched his image soft pass the U-235 atoms lightest barrier located more quickly than uranium 238 atoms heavier ones, should be here to repeat the process more than 1,400 repeat to get the right concentration of uranium-235 and proper focus is estimated b concentration of 3% of the uranium fluoride sixth. A few states are allowed to possess enrichment for fear of the evolution of matter and industry lethal nuclear weapons, with the knowledge of the existence states have significant quantities of uranium in its territory, the impact of the bombs on human beings has no boundaries, fi thing be an existing zero point bomb evaporates, except for serious and microwave radiation acoustic enormous pressure that the explosion will be generated, which will lead to decades of devastation in the affected area

Do you like the smell of gasoline? May be yes may be no, but there are a large number of people love the smell of gasoline, this is a conundrum for scientists, they did not find him .. explanation why some people loved and hated by others? And which calls for the love of this smell? In one of the studies found that one out of every three people at least likes the smell of gasoline, and the relatively large proportion of calls into question the real reason for this strange phenomenon. From a scientific hand there is the study shows that the smell of gasoline contain an influential effect resembles the smell of perfume acts as a catalyst of neural connections which increases happiness in human and calms the nerves. That's when their natural Ntges for people, who love the smell of gasoline in moderation and in normal limits, but who loves the smell of gasoline to the point of inhaled a permanent basis, and seek to be found here, we are talking about the degree of illness and addiction. Psychiatrists and calls for this kind of addiction (b addiction smell), although the gasoline is not considered a drug or stimulant addictive natural situation, however addiction gets it because of a chemical compound (benzene ring), when a chemical compound up to the brain, gives a sense of dizziness and lack of concentration what looked like sensation caused by drug intake. If we stopped addict for sniffing gasoline after his familiarity with it is showing the effects of withdrawal, where worried, tension and become irritable, which paid to sniff more to avoid the instability that came to her, noting that withdrawal symptoms do not include physical symptoms which prevents the patient and his family Note the real problem and take note of them, and perhaps addict turns into drug use as the next step to addiction smell. In order to sniff gasoline up to the stage of addiction must be sustained exposure to the substance for a period of between five and ten forty-five minutes, begins where the negative impact of this article on the various organs of the body. If the smell of short duration transient and intermittent periods do not affect the body and does not cause addiction. If you -okha Algari- love the smell of gasoline, you must draw your attention to that Ttantbh to yourself to avoid entering into a spiral of addiction, and in order to protect your body from damage that may occur to him, be aware not to be tempted in your love for this smell and spend a lot of time snorted. .. If the fleeting hobby there is nothing wrong for every different interests and tastes .. we love may have been Nkerha stand on the line of neutrality is important not to drift to some extent in our prejudice is harmful and detrimental to our health

Greenhouse gases or gases glass house is a group of gases found in the atmosphere, have been placed under this name for its absorption of infrared light by the Earth Bahaalla or reversible which reduces the amount of thermal energy lost from the ground and thereby increase the temperature of the atmosphere and the earth is Public. These gases also called greenhouse gases because they contribute in general and, more recently, in particular, an increase in this phenomenon, known as global warming increases, which have taken place in the average temperature above the normal average. The reason behind global warming to an increase in the proportion of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere due to natural contaminants Kalprakin activities vital live or industrial pollutants resulting from human behavior to objects irresponsible, such as fire caused by the gases and the use of fossil fuels in industry and everyday activities are more than absorb the land and its ability to address the emissions that result from these gases. Global warming resulting from increased greenhouse gas ratios in the air to Aglaf has led to a number of phenomena such as rising sea levels due to melting ice, especially at the poles, and poses such a clear threat as the continuous increase in the sea level rise may eventually lead to the coasts and islands cover low-water sea posing a threat to the inhabitants of those areas, and it is expected flooding as a result. And other risks that may be caused by this phenomenon, which pose a clear danger to human life is the increase in the desert area, or the emergence of a number of deserts in different possible of the flags is the famous phenomenon of desertification, which will cause a decrease of the green spot, as it is expected to Bannagaad cause many types of organisms leading to a decrease in food intake and increased starvation in the world. It is also possible that this phenomenon is causing increased disease and epidemics in the world and the increasing numbers of hurricanes and storms and intensity. As for greenhouse gases, and the names of their sources are as follows: 1.gaz carbon dioxide: the gas output from the breathing process also results from combustion processes, which is one of the most important causes of global warming. 2. Methane: It has the ability to raise the temperature of the air by more than carbon dioxide by about 25 times, and this gas produced by the decomposition of organic materials is essential. 3. Ozone gas: This is the gas of the most important armor that works to protect the earth from cosmic rays harmful Kalocap UV There are basically in the stratosphere, but in recent times has increased rate near the surface land, and with that life on the surface of the planet is possible without his presence in the upper atmosphere, it is a danger to human life at its formation near the surface of the earth as the inhalation of an easy amount of this gas can lead to many health problems as it is one of the greenhouse gases when he was close to the earth's surface. 4. CFCs: the gases that were used in the cooling process, but the harms that are not limited to global warming, but only on Azdid ozone hole has to be replaced by other, less harmful. To mitigate the ratios of these gases may be a general trend to use alternative energy sources instead of fossil fuels, solar Kalocap, wind and water, as it is to be noted the need to address the combustion products before the ascent to the atmosphere in order to reduce greenhouse gases and the risk of global warming

Oil is considered one of the most important factors that have been developed from the industrial sector and life in general in the last two centuries of the post-industrial revolution, all modern methods of electricity generation, transportation, and others, but oil, which is the main nerve of life in the current era is not a new discovery as the man has ever known since ancient times, and for more than forty centuries, but man has learned in the modern age how to use it more broadly and significantly greater through which he access to great discoveries and inventions. Four thousand years, according to the Greek historian Herodotus, who was born in 484 BC Before It is the use of asphalt in various construction operations Kaljdran and towers of Babel, it has been no drilling of oil near Babylon, were also found large quantities of it on the banks of Asus River, one of the tributaries of the Euphrates River, and the ancient Persian manuscripts indicate that oil was used in lighting and medical uses by the upper class of society in those times, as it was drilling oil wells in 347 m and was up to nearly 240 meters as it was being used for salt water evaporating from the sea and salt production, has been called on oil in the Horn seventh in Japan burning water. The modern history of the oil goes back to the nineteenth age by refining kerosene from crude oil, and in 1847 noted James Young and the presence of leaking oil in the coal mine so that the distillation of this oil in order to obtain a light oil can be used as oil lamp was obtained also to oil heavy for lubricating machinery, and start Young established a small project for oil refining, and increased interest in oil in a very large after the invention of the internal combustion engines in the twentieth century has led the invention of these engines to the first discoveries of oil consumption and the need to obtain new sources of oil Vtm discovery of other large oil fields in 1910 in Canada, India, Mexico and eastern Iran was exploiting synthetically. However, coal was the first power source until the year 1955, the global trend began more after the crises of energy in 1973 and 1979 to go to the types of renewable energy for power production, and so the great fear which is located at the moment and that is the fact that the oil from sources non-renewable energy and exhaustible with continued use him

When we hear the word of oil first thing that comes to our mind the Arab Gulf states, where there the oil frequently and is considered the primary source of income for these countries, where they are mined from the earth in the form of raw materials through the drilling of oil wells to extract it from the upper layer of the earth, and the so-called oil Black gold, a crude oil or liquid dense color dark brown or brown tends to green flammable, a complex composition mixture is made up of so-called Balheidrockerborat and is an important source of energy of all kinds, especially electrical energy by burning it for power generation. Oil or petroleum as it is sometimes called enters the makers of many chemical products such as plastic tools, pesticides, fertilizers, rayon, plastics, industrial fabrics and leather. ♦ oil types as classified by the US Environmental Protection Agency: oil is divided into categories of oils based on the risk and the possibility of cleaned: the first category: light oils, so the advantage acknowledged its transparency and flammable and float above the water as well as the usability of evaporation and characterized by their toxicity it includes oil types with a high quality. Category II: Heavy oils have Alaltasaq property, the color brown or black as they are unsinkable and seriousness that they may attach themselves to fish, animals and birds which may cause poisoning. Category III: oils, non-stick, which float on the surface of the water and be in the form of wax and hard soil adhesion or birds, animals, and the degree of toxicity less and can be disposed of by washing with water. The fourth category: Oil is liquid and is non-toxic color with dark brown or black and melt the heat, which makes it difficult to clean and include heavy oil types. ♦ oil derivatives: the extraction of oil derivatives after in dedicated places be refined by heating and distillation and separation of the gases and from these derivatives as follows: liquid which is extracted from propane and butane, which used in the heating and cooking operations, and mixes with the fuel cars. Light including: extracted from gasoline which uses fuel for cars. Candidate of it: and extracted from the heating oil and jet kerosene and diesel. Excess thereof: and extracted from the fuel oil and industrial coal, tar, sulfur and used in bunker fuel and paving, Chemical Industry

First of all, I will talk about (natural uranium), this is the only element to the side (thorium), producing nuclear energy, which includes atoms called (isotopes), present different Bechtel, composed of two elements: uranium * 238 * 235 and uranium. Uranium enrichment: Access to depleted uranium and enriched uranium are not only the separation of uranium isotopes and isolate the component, and other isotopes focus more of our consists saturated desired isotope material. And the purity of uranium enrichment required ratio not only completed in several phases isolate isotopes undesirable where larger quantities. Due to the high similarity between the isotopes of unwanted uranium isotopes and unwanted, which works to remove them in terms of weight, the cost of the enrichment process is too high and where many difficulties. And The enrichment process using a gas or liquid to get the right temperature, which is isolating isotopes unwanted, because the method of using electromagnetic radiation, and also laser, inadequate, but it is very complex way. Natural uranium ratios: and we must know the proportion of the presence of natural uranium as Mojo in Mother Nature, and are: U-238: rate of 99.3% in nature. U-235: rate of 0.7% in nature. Other isotopes: increase of 0.01% in nature. The process of uranium enrichment: As we have said previously, that the enrichment process is not only the separation of uranium 238 and 238, through the gas centrifuges for uranium, is up feeding of the drum roller, where the spin rapidly due to uranium hexafluoride gas. And displays of uranium Duane speeds ranging from 50 to 70 thousand cycles per minute, after we go to a gas centrifuge his condition. Accumulate on the walls of the cylinder 238 uranium particles, being heavier, falling a uranium enrichment least. And clustered close to the center of the cylinder uranium particles 235 being the lightest, moving higher. And from the first roller pulls enriched uranium 235, and sends to the second disc centrifuge, and as a result of the passage of the gas in the cylinder several centrifuges, rising and increasingly greater proportion of uranium enrichment. Uses enriched uranium: used in nuclear bombs, where 90% U-235 enrichment ratio is high. Is used as fuel in nuclear reactors, where it is 5% U-235 enrichment ratio is sufficient. And if one nuclear bomb, we need to just a year and for 1500 of centrifuges, to be produced quantity of uranium, sufficient to manufacture. Because enrichment in the nuclear weapons be too high, the element uranium 235 is the most viable elements and fission explosion. Sources: Nate island. Wikipedia the free encyclopedia

Uranium metal, high-density, and density close to almost gold density, but a single atom of uranium mass is much greater than the mass of the gold atom, and thus the uranium metal is a metal that Dhirth considered more metal atoms by weight and the most mass, and it is not the highest density , as the higher mineral density is osmium (where the higher density is the highest compaction of the block within the unit volume and osmium are higher than in uranium). Uranium metal is the most widely used metal in nuclear tests in the laboratory, it is natural corn the most candidates, nuclear fission and composition of other elements and liberalization of the energy, the atomic number (number of protons) of an atom of uranium has 92, and enriched his six matches in nature are all equal course in atomic number and is 92, but it is different in mass number, Venzair uranium known are: uranium 232 uranium 233. uranium 234 U-235 uranium 236. uranium 238, where the number after the name refers to the weight mass and weight mass expresses the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, If the number of protons constant (the number of protons that determines the atom's identity), the difference is in the number of neutrons are in the previous isotopes, respectively, as follows (subtract 92 from the mass number to get them): 140 141 142, 143 144 146 . And uranium found in nature as the isotope: uranium-238 as the highest proportion of this isotope accounts for 97% of the amount of uranium found in nature. It considers uranium metal element The radioactivity in the sense that it is unstable and its atoms disintegrate Tregia to be atoms of other elements and launches energy as a result, and this is what scientists to study urged to take advantage of that characteristic to him and is the amenability of nuclear fission and energy that could benefit mankind dramatically launch

Petroleum or black gold, as they say, a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, alkanes, in particular, Valhadrockerbonat organic materials consisting of hydrogen and carbon, such as parts of non-carbon such as nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen, found in the upper layer of the crust, and back out of oil to living organisms and organelles freely Water and plankton and organic materials buried in the layers of the earth millions of years ago, and plants with increased pressure and heat turned into oil. The word oil is derived from the Latin "Petra" word, which means oil, and oil is a thick liquid fast ignition format, and is one of the primary sources of energy, and raw material for many chemical products, such as fertilizer and pesticides. The derivatives shall be: liquefied petroleum oil or mineral oil, containing mainly on alkanes, which are transparent oils odorless, prices are low, mainly used in gasoline production and diesel, kerosene and some toiletries, which is used for the skin care industry, baby oil baby oil, as it has many uses in veterinary medicine such as clearing-legged birds, like ducks, geese and chickens so that they do not get mold. It is also used in mechanical machinery and electrical appliances and some food industries and cleaning. It is also used in polishing leather products and maintaining weapons and knives and protection from rust and oxidation, because of its properties it does not absorb moisture that is used as a protective screen which dipped sensitive material is waterproof. Kerosene hydrocarbon liquid, flammable, distinctive smell, sometimes called paraffin oil, known to have gas, diesel, kerosene. Used as fuel for jet planes, and gas stoves, and fuel for heating lighting, also used for cooking, restaurants and homes. Oil candidate extracted from crocin aircraft, and diesel, and pumps oil, heating oil, shipping, automobile, the oil has qualities characteristic such as adhesion, where he works to keep sand and dust and waterproof and does not cause gum and foam, and helps to extend the life of the engine. Excess oil residue or excess oil, and this oil comes from within the petroleum oil derivatives, where graduating from asphalt and oil Mufellouk and industrial coal, sulfur, fuel ships and some chemical industries

With a large and steady rise in the average prices of petroleum and gas, which began to rise like crazy in the last decade. There became necessities to look for alternatives to be useless. What was not feasible before the period it is now feasible. About ten years ago was the extraction of oil shale and shale gas is economically viable because the cost of extracting and his time is very expensive but now with the rise in oil and gas prices became extracted economically and commercially feasible. And we will talk here about shale gas, which are evidently talking about him and his importance as it has a significant impact on the energy in the world there are many countries began to disclose the tremendous wealth of shale gas in its territory and wants to exploit it for power generation. Is called shale gas or other words shale gas, a type of natural gas types arise within the rock called slate and where shale gas and shale oil have also Bnhabs gas inside these stones unlike normal gas which is formed in the cavities in the layers of earth where the Stones and slate ratio high hydrocarbon and organic by between half a percent to twenty five percent and most important shale gas component is methane .ospb presence in the rocks is the result of high Alharah intense pressure on the organic material, which was the reason for its inception as a gas or shale oil, where also could be located at depths of more than a thousand meters below Tpfat earth currently multiple techniques to extract them using smashed stones technology by strong water compact so that water runs on the events of cracks with stones in order to extract and after arrival of the rocks in the normal longitudinal drilling horizontal drilling begins for a distance of not less than three kilometers horizontally for greater contact with the surface of the Salams rocks and digging wells for many extracted in one field and then compact the sand and the water pressure in order to begin the work of many big cracks in order to help to extract gas from these stones and rocks. As for shale gas reserves, recent studies published in 2013 indicate that China has the largest reserves of this shale gas reserves, followed by Argentina, Algeria and the United States. And became a economic importance to the United States, which has become economically and commercially produced. It is expected that the United States will become the first producer and exporter of shale gas among the countries of the world due to the presence of a big jump to the process of extraction is now in America

What is the relationship between the dollar and oil and gold? And how do you expect the next move based on economic variables such as raising interest rates or the wars and the like?


The relationship between gold and the dollar: an inverse relationship the relationship between oil and the dollar: an inverse relationship with oil and gold multiples will rise limit is reasonable and there is a global economic blow to come stronger than that preceded it after the next five years
The relationship between the dollar and both gold and oil is an inverse relationship
Where it Bartvreet price of both gold or oil, this leads to a decrease in the purchasing power of the dollar
But it remains to the dollar and weighed in that it not only requires printing of dollars even remain available in the local markets of the US and global markets, while gold it will run out one day from the mines and for oil Every day is large amounts of it, and therefore consumption will run out someday also
In this case must be examined joint integration (synchronous) between variables to determine the extent of the relationship, or there are other variables
The relationship between the dollar against gold and oil is an inverse relationship Lakeh whenever the value of a barrel of oil rose as the purchasing power of the monetary unit fell, and vice versa, such as if a barrel of oil dyslexia to $ 30 a barrel and became $ 60, it means lower purchasing power, but if the price per barrel to $ 60 and became a US $ 30, this means high strength purchasing monetary union either relationship in lost wars and the increasing demand for oil and gold, it leads to a decrease in the general budget and Batalli decline in the national economy and either raise interest rates, it affects the size of the investment and the speed of money circulation which reduces Alnfh and Batalli leads to a decline in the national economy